PUMA publications for /author/V.%20Hofstetterhttps://puma.uni-kassel.de/author/V.%20HofstetterPUMA RSS feed for /author/V.%20Hofstetter2024-03-29T00:43:25+01:00- Contributions of rpb2 and tef1 to the phylogeny of mushrooms and allies (Basidiomycota, Fungi)https://puma.uni-kassel.de/bibtex/205a5c0c46e7a0857d1c92fcf0808b17d/ewaldlangerewaldlanger2012-03-06T12:18:22+01:00basidiomycota gene cryptococcus-neoformans polymerase ribosomal DNA-sequences systematics large-subunit rna introns beta-tubulin schizophyllum-commune evolutionary 1-alpha fungi molecular forming ii relationships ef1-alpha elongation-factor rna-polymerase-ii <span class="authorEditorList"><span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="P. B. Matheny" itemprop="url" href="/author/P.%20B.%20Matheny"><span itemprop="name">P. Matheny</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="Z. Wang" itemprop="url" href="/author/Z.%20Wang"><span itemprop="name">Z. Wang</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="M. Binder" itemprop="url" href="/author/M.%20Binder"><span itemprop="name">M. Binder</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. M. Curtis" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20M.%20Curtis"><span itemprop="name">J. Curtis</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="Y. W. Lim" itemprop="url" href="/author/Y.%20W.%20Lim"><span itemprop="name">Y. Lim</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="R. H. Nilsson" itemprop="url" href="/author/R.%20H.%20Nilsson"><span itemprop="name">R. Nilsson</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="K. W. Hughes" itemprop="url" href="/author/K.%20W.%20Hughes"><span itemprop="name">K. Hughes</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="V. Hofstetter" itemprop="url" href="/author/V.%20Hofstetter"><span itemprop="name">V. Hofstetter</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. F. Ammirati" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20F.%20Ammirati"><span itemprop="name">J. Ammirati</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="C. L. Schoch" itemprop="url" href="/author/C.%20L.%20Schoch"><span itemprop="name">C. Schoch</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="E. Langer" itemprop="url" href="/author/E.%20Langer"><span itemprop="name">E. Langer</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="G. Langer" itemprop="url" href="/author/G.%20Langer"><span itemprop="name">G. Langer</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="D. J. McLaughlin" itemprop="url" href="/author/D.%20J.%20McLaughlin"><span itemprop="name">D. McLaughlin</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="A. W. Wilson" itemprop="url" href="/author/A.%20W.%20Wilson"><span itemprop="name">A. Wilson</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="T. Froslev" itemprop="url" href="/author/T.%20Froslev"><span itemprop="name">T. Froslev</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="Z. W. Ge" itemprop="url" href="/author/Z.%20W.%20Ge"><span itemprop="name">Z. Ge</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="R. W. Kerrigan" itemprop="url" href="/author/R.%20W.%20Kerrigan"><span itemprop="name">R. Kerrigan</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. C. Slot" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20C.%20Slot"><span itemprop="name">J. Slot</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="Z. L. Yang" itemprop="url" href="/author/Z.%20L.%20Yang"><span itemprop="name">Z. Yang</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="T. J. Baroni" itemprop="url" href="/author/T.%20J.%20Baroni"><span itemprop="name">T. Baroni</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="M. Fischer" itemprop="url" href="/author/M.%20Fischer"><span itemprop="name">M. Fischer</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="K. Hosaka" itemprop="url" href="/author/K.%20Hosaka"><span itemprop="name">K. Hosaka</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="K. Matsuura" itemprop="url" href="/author/K.%20Matsuura"><span itemprop="name">K. Matsuura</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="M. T. Seidl" itemprop="url" href="/author/M.%20T.%20Seidl"><span itemprop="name">M. Seidl</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. Vauras" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20Vauras"><span itemprop="name">J. Vauras</span></a></span>, und <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="D. S. Hibbett" itemprop="url" href="/author/D.%20S.%20Hibbett"><span itemprop="name">D. Hibbett</span></a></span>. </span><span itemtype="http://schema.org/PublicationIssue" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="isPartOf"><span itemtype="http://schema.org/Periodical" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="isPartOf"><span itemprop="name"><em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em></span></span> <em><span itemtype="http://schema.org/PublicationVolume" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="isPartOf"><span itemprop="volumeNumber">43 </span></span>(<span itemprop="issueNumber">2</span>):
<span itemprop="pagination">430-451</span></em> </span>(<em><span>Mai 2007<meta content="Mai 2007" itemprop="datePublished"/></span></em>)Tue Mar 06 12:18:22 CET 2012Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolutionmay2430-451Contributions of rpb2 and tef1 to the phylogeny of mushrooms and allies (Basidiomycota, Fungi)432007basidiomycota gene cryptococcus-neoformans polymerase ribosomal DNA-sequences systematics large-subunit rna introns beta-tubulin schizophyllum-commune evolutionary 1-alpha fungi molecular forming ii relationships ef1-alpha elongation-factor rna-polymerase-ii A phylogeny of the fungal phylum Basidiomycota. is presented based on a survey of 160 taxa and five nuclear genes. Two genes, rpb2, and tef1, are presented in detail. The rpb2 gene is more variable than tef1 and recovers well-supported clades at shallow and deep taxonomic levels. The tef1 gene recovers some deep and ordinal-level relationships but with greater branch support from nucleotides compared to amino acids. Intron placement is dynamic in tef1, often lineage-specific, and diagnostic for many clades. Introns are fewer in rpb2 and tend to be highly conserved by position. When both protein-coding loci are combined with sequences of nuclear ribosomal RNA genes, 18 inclusive clades of Basidiomycota are strongly supported by Bayesian posterior probabilities and 16 by parsimony bootstrapping. These numbers are greater than produced by single genes and combined ribosomal RNA gene regions. Combination of nrDNA with amino acid sequences, or exons with third codon positions removed, produces strong measures of support, particularly for deep internodes of Basidiomycota, which have been difficult to resolve with confidence using nrDNA data alone. This study produces strong boostrap support and significant posterior probabilities for the first time for the following monophyletic groups: (1) Ustilagino-mycetes plus Hymenomycetes, (2) an inclusive cluster of hymenochaetoid, corticioid, polyporoid, Thelephorales, russuloid, athelioid, Boletales, and euagarics clades, (3) Thelephorales plus the polyporoid clade, (4) the polyporoid clade, and (5) the cantharelloid clade. Strong support is also recovered for the basal position of the Dacrymycetales in the Hymenomycetidae and paraphyly of the Exobasidiomycetidae. (C) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogenyhttps://puma.uni-kassel.de/bibtex/28a98343dd78dc2ca38c49c732d0b0f34/ewaldlangerewaldlanger2012-03-06T12:06:44+01:00land arbuscular glomeromycota mycorrhizal fungi molecular tree microsporidia phylogeny plants sequences chytridiomycota animals maximum-likelihood <span class="authorEditorList"><span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="T. Y. James" itemprop="url" href="/author/T.%20Y.%20James"><span itemprop="name">T. James</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="F. Kauff" itemprop="url" href="/author/F.%20Kauff"><span itemprop="name">F. Kauff</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="C. L. Schoch" itemprop="url" href="/author/C.%20L.%20Schoch"><span itemprop="name">C. Schoch</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="P. B. Matheny" itemprop="url" href="/author/P.%20B.%20Matheny"><span itemprop="name">P. Matheny</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="V. Hofstetter" itemprop="url" href="/author/V.%20Hofstetter"><span itemprop="name">V. Hofstetter</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="C. J. Cox" itemprop="url" href="/author/C.%20J.%20Cox"><span itemprop="name">C. Cox</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="G. Celio" itemprop="url" href="/author/G.%20Celio"><span itemprop="name">G. Celio</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="C. Gueidan" itemprop="url" href="/author/C.%20Gueidan"><span itemprop="name">C. Gueidan</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="E. Fraker" itemprop="url" href="/author/E.%20Fraker"><span itemprop="name">E. Fraker</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. Miadlikowska" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20Miadlikowska"><span itemprop="name">J. Miadlikowska</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="H. T. Lumbsch" itemprop="url" href="/author/H.%20T.%20Lumbsch"><span itemprop="name">H. Lumbsch</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="A. Rauhut" itemprop="url" href="/author/A.%20Rauhut"><span itemprop="name">A. Rauhut</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="V. Reeb" itemprop="url" href="/author/V.%20Reeb"><span itemprop="name">V. Reeb</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="A. E. Arnold" itemprop="url" href="/author/A.%20E.%20Arnold"><span itemprop="name">A. Arnold</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="A. Amtoft" itemprop="url" href="/author/A.%20Amtoft"><span itemprop="name">A. Amtoft</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. E. Stajich" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20E.%20Stajich"><span itemprop="name">J. Stajich</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="K. Hosaka" itemprop="url" href="/author/K.%20Hosaka"><span itemprop="name">K. Hosaka</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="G. H. Sung" itemprop="url" href="/author/G.%20H.%20Sung"><span itemprop="name">G. Sung</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="D. Johnson" itemprop="url" href="/author/D.%20Johnson"><span itemprop="name">D. Johnson</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="B. O'Rourke" itemprop="url" href="/author/B.%20O'Rourke"><span itemprop="name">B. O'Rourke</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="M. Crockett" itemprop="url" href="/author/M.%20Crockett"><span itemprop="name">M. Crockett</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="M. Binder" itemprop="url" href="/author/M.%20Binder"><span itemprop="name">M. Binder</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. M. Curtis" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20M.%20Curtis"><span itemprop="name">J. Curtis</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. C. Slot" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20C.%20Slot"><span itemprop="name">J. Slot</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="Z. Wang" itemprop="url" href="/author/Z.%20Wang"><span itemprop="name">Z. Wang</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="A. W. Wilson" itemprop="url" href="/author/A.%20W.%20Wilson"><span itemprop="name">A. Wilson</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="A. Schussler" itemprop="url" href="/author/A.%20Schussler"><span itemprop="name">A. Schussler</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. E. Longcore" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20E.%20Longcore"><span itemprop="name">J. Longcore</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="K. O'Donnell" itemprop="url" href="/author/K.%20O'Donnell"><span itemprop="name">K. O'Donnell</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="S. Mozley-Standridge" itemprop="url" href="/author/S.%20Mozley-Standridge"><span itemprop="name">S. Mozley-Standridge</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="D. Porter" itemprop="url" href="/author/D.%20Porter"><span itemprop="name">D. Porter</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="P. M. Letcher" itemprop="url" href="/author/P.%20M.%20Letcher"><span itemprop="name">P. Letcher</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="M. J. Powell" itemprop="url" href="/author/M.%20J.%20Powell"><span itemprop="name">M. Powell</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. W. Taylor" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20W.%20Taylor"><span itemprop="name">J. Taylor</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="M. M. White" itemprop="url" href="/author/M.%20M.%20White"><span itemprop="name">M. White</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="G. W. Griffith" itemprop="url" href="/author/G.%20W.%20Griffith"><span itemprop="name">G. Griffith</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="D. R. Davies" itemprop="url" href="/author/D.%20R.%20Davies"><span itemprop="name">D. Davies</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="R. A. Humber" itemprop="url" href="/author/R.%20A.%20Humber"><span itemprop="name">R. Humber</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. B. Morton" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20B.%20Morton"><span itemprop="name">J. Morton</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. Sugiyama" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20Sugiyama"><span itemprop="name">J. Sugiyama</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="A. Y. Rossman" itemprop="url" href="/author/A.%20Y.%20Rossman"><span itemprop="name">A. Rossman</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. D. Rogers" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20D.%20Rogers"><span itemprop="name">J. Rogers</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="D. H. Pfister" itemprop="url" href="/author/D.%20H.%20Pfister"><span itemprop="name">D. Pfister</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="D. Hewitt" itemprop="url" href="/author/D.%20Hewitt"><span itemprop="name">D. Hewitt</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="K. Hansen" itemprop="url" href="/author/K.%20Hansen"><span itemprop="name">K. Hansen</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="S. Hambleton" itemprop="url" href="/author/S.%20Hambleton"><span itemprop="name">S. Hambleton</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="R. A. Shoemaker" itemprop="url" href="/author/R.%20A.%20Shoemaker"><span itemprop="name">R. Shoemaker</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. Kohlmeyer" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20Kohlmeyer"><span itemprop="name">J. Kohlmeyer</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="B. Volkmann-Kohlmeyer" itemprop="url" href="/author/B.%20Volkmann-Kohlmeyer"><span itemprop="name">B. Volkmann-Kohlmeyer</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="R. A. Spotts" itemprop="url" href="/author/R.%20A.%20Spotts"><span itemprop="name">R. Spotts</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="M. Serdani" itemprop="url" href="/author/M.%20Serdani"><span itemprop="name">M. Serdani</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="P. W. Crous" itemprop="url" href="/author/P.%20W.%20Crous"><span itemprop="name">P. Crous</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="K. W. Hughes" itemprop="url" href="/author/K.%20W.%20Hughes"><span itemprop="name">K. Hughes</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="K. Matsuura" itemprop="url" href="/author/K.%20Matsuura"><span itemprop="name">K. Matsuura</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="E. Langer" itemprop="url" href="/author/E.%20Langer"><span itemprop="name">E. Langer</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="G. Langer" itemprop="url" href="/author/G.%20Langer"><span itemprop="name">G. Langer</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="W. A. Untereiner" itemprop="url" href="/author/W.%20A.%20Untereiner"><span itemprop="name">W. Untereiner</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="R. Lucking" itemprop="url" href="/author/R.%20Lucking"><span itemprop="name">R. Lucking</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="B. Budel" itemprop="url" href="/author/B.%20Budel"><span itemprop="name">B. Budel</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="D. M. Geiser" itemprop="url" href="/author/D.%20M.%20Geiser"><span itemprop="name">D. Geiser</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="A. Aptroot" itemprop="url" href="/author/A.%20Aptroot"><span itemprop="name">A. Aptroot</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="P. Diederich" itemprop="url" href="/author/P.%20Diederich"><span itemprop="name">P. Diederich</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="I. Schmitt" itemprop="url" href="/author/I.%20Schmitt"><span itemprop="name">I. Schmitt</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="M. Schultz" itemprop="url" href="/author/M.%20Schultz"><span itemprop="name">M. Schultz</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="R. Yahr" itemprop="url" href="/author/R.%20Yahr"><span itemprop="name">R. Yahr</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="D. S. Hibbett" itemprop="url" href="/author/D.%20S.%20Hibbett"><span itemprop="name">D. Hibbett</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="F. Lutzoni" itemprop="url" href="/author/F.%20Lutzoni"><span itemprop="name">F. Lutzoni</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="D. J. McLaughlin" itemprop="url" href="/author/D.%20J.%20McLaughlin"><span itemprop="name">D. McLaughlin</span></a></span>, <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="J. W. Spatafora" itemprop="url" href="/author/J.%20W.%20Spatafora"><span itemprop="name">J. Spatafora</span></a></span>, und <span itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"><a title="R. Vilgalys" itemprop="url" href="/author/R.%20Vilgalys"><span itemprop="name">R. Vilgalys</span></a></span>. </span><span itemtype="http://schema.org/PublicationIssue" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="isPartOf"><span itemtype="http://schema.org/Periodical" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="isPartOf"><span itemprop="name"><em>Nature</em></span></span> <em><span itemtype="http://schema.org/PublicationVolume" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="isPartOf"><span itemprop="volumeNumber">443 </span></span>(<span itemprop="issueNumber">7113</span>):
<span itemprop="pagination">818-822</span></em> </span>(<em><span>Oktober 2006<meta content="Oktober 2006" itemprop="datePublished"/></span></em>)Tue Mar 06 12:06:44 CET 2012Natureoct7113818-822Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny4432006land arbuscular glomeromycota mycorrhizal fungi molecular tree microsporidia phylogeny plants sequences chytridiomycota animals maximum-likelihood The ancestors of fungi are believed to be simple aquatic forms with flagellated spores, similar to members of the extant phylum Chytridiomycota (chytrids). Current classifications assume that chytrids form an early-diverging clade within the kingdom Fungi and imply a single loss of the spore flagellum, leading to the diversification of terrestrial fungi. Here we develop phylogenetic hypotheses for Fungi using data from six gene regions and nearly 200 species. Our results indicate that there may have been at least four independent losses of the flagellum in the kingdom Fungi. These losses of swimming spores coincided with the evolution of new mechanisms of spore dispersal, such as aerial dispersal in mycelial groups and polar tube eversion in the microsporidia ( unicellular forms that lack mitochondria). The enigmatic microsporidia seem to be derived from an endoparasitic chytrid ancestor similar to Rozella allomycis, on the earliest diverging branch of the fungal phylogenetic tree.