@inproceedings{christiaens2006metadata,
  abstract = {In this paper we give a brief overview of different metadata mechanisms (like ontologies and folksonomies) and how they relate to each other. We identify major strengths and weaknesses of these mechanisms. We claim that these mechanisms can be classified from restricted (e.g., ontology) to free (e.g., free text tagging). In our view, these mechanisms should not be used in isolation, but rather as complementary solutions, in a continuous process wherein the strong points of one increase the semantic depth of the other. We give an overview of early active research already going on in this direction and propose that methodologies to support this process be developed. We demonstrate a possible approach, in which we mix tagging, taxonomy and ontology.},
  author = {Christiaens, Stijn},
  booktitle = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science: On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2006: OTM 2006 Workshops},
  file = {christiaens2006metadata.pdf:christiaens2006metadata.pdf:PDF},
  groups = {public},
  interhash = {f733d993459329ed1ef9f26d303ba0d9},
  intrahash = {efc1396e845f3db1688dc8ef154d9520},
  lastdatemodified = {2007-01-04},
  lastname = {Christiaens},
  own = {notown},
  pdf = {christiaens06-metadata.pdf},
  publisher = {Springer},
  read = {notread},
  timestamp = {2007-09-11 13:31:23},
  title = {Metadata Mechanisms: From Ontology to Folksonomy ... and Back},
  url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/m370107220473394},
  username = {dbenz},
  workshoppub = {1},
  year = 2006
}

@article{golder2006structurec,
  abstract = {Collaborative tagging describes the process by which many users add metadata in the form of keywords to shared content. Recently, collaborative tagging has grown in popularity on the web, on sites that allow users to tag bookmarks, photographs and other content. In this paper we analyze the structure of collaborative tagging systems as well as their dynamical aspects. Specifically, we discovered regularities in user activity, tag frequencies, kinds of tags used, bursts of popularity in bookmarking and a remarkable stability in the relative proportions of tags within a given url. We also present a dynamical model of collaborative tagging that predicts these stable patterns and relates them to imitation and shared knowledge.},
  author = {Golder, Scott and Huberman, Bernardo A.},
  file = {golder2006structure.pdf:golder2006structure.pdf:PDF},
  groups = {public},
  interhash = {03565ad9c6fc315068e528a53ed158ae},
  intrahash = {f26e96f09d59ba7d33d5339fa5d4891b},
  journal = {Journal of Information Sciences},
  journalpub = {1},
  lastdatemodified = {2007-04-27},
  lastname = {Golder},
  month = {April},
  number = 2,
  own = {own},
  pages = {198--208},
  pdf = {golder06-structure.pdf},
  read = {readnext},
  timestamp = {2011-01-28 11:35:13},
  title = {The Structure of Collaborative Tagging Systems},
  url = {http://.hpl.hp.com/research/idl/papers/tags/index.html},
  username = {dbenz},
  volume = 32,
  year = 2006
}

@article{lux2008from,
  abstract = {Is Web 2.0 just hype or just a buzzword, which might disappear in the near future One way to find answers to these questions is to investigate the actual benefit of the Web 2.0 for real use cases. Within this contribution we study a very special aspect of the Web 2.0 the folksonomy and its use within self-directed learning. Guided by conceptual principles of emergent computing we point out methods, which might be able to let semantics emerge from folksonomies and discuss the effect of the results in self-directed learning.},
  author = {Lux, Mathias and Dösinger, Gisela},
  doi = {10.1504/IJKL.2007.016709},
  groups = {public},
  interhash = {5dde7a91231320f96c0c4b3e7ba9a503},
  intrahash = {dd5cdcc6449d97622033bbebcd4d1874},
  journal = {International Journal of Knowledge and Learning},
  journalpub = {1},
  month = jan,
  number = {4-5},
  pages = {515--528},
  timestamp = {2010-08-11 07:26:38},
  title = {From folksonomies to ontologies: employing wisdom of the crowds to serve learning purposes},
  url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ind/ijkl/2008/00000003/F0020004/art00009},
  username = {dbenz},
  volume = 3,
  year = 2008
}

@inproceedings{marlow2006position,
  abstract = {In recent years, tagging systems have become increasingly popular. These systems enable users to add keywords (i.e., �tags�) to Internet resources (e.g., web pages, images, videos) without relying on a controlled vocabulary. Tagging systems have the potential to improve search, spam detection, reputation systems, and personal organization while introducing new modalities of social communication and opportunities for data mining. This potential is largely due to the social structure that underlies many of the current systems. Despite the rapid expansion of applications that support tagging of resources, tagging systems are still not well studied or understood. In this paper, we provide a short description of the academic related work to date. We offer a model of tagging systems, specifically in the context of web-based systems, to help us illustrate the possible benefits of these tools. Since many such systems already exist, we provide a taxonomy of tagging systems to help inform their analysis and design, and thus enable researchers to frame and compare evidence for the sustainability of such systems. We also provide a simple taxonomy of incentives and contribution models to inform potential evaluative frameworks. While this work does not present comprehensive empirical results, we present a preliminary study of the photosharing and tagging system Flickr to demonstrate our model and explore some of the issues in one sample system. This analysis helps us outline and motivate possible future directions of research in tagging systems.},
  address = {Edinburgh, Scotland},
  author = {Marlow, Cameron and Naaman, Mor and Boyd, Danah and Davis, Marc},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Collaborative Web Tagging Workshop at the WWW 2006},
  file = {marlow2006position.pdf:marlow2006position.pdf:PDF},
  groups = {public},
  interhash = {7446351e0d902ee4f36fb750f82c50a5},
  intrahash = {d9f433de0945351fa2157c1424d9fe67},
  lastdatemodified = {2006-07-17},
  lastname = {Marlow},
  month = May,
  own = {own},
  pdf = {marlow06-tagging.pdf},
  read = {readnext},
  timestamp = {2007-09-11 13:31:31},
  title = {{Position Paper, Tagging, Taxonomy, Flickr, Article, ToRead}},
  url = {http://.rawsugar.com/www2006/cfp.html},
  username = {dbenz},
  year = 2006
}

@article{voss2007tagging,
  abstract = {This paper gives an overview of current trends in manual indexing on the Web. Along with a general rise of user generated content there are more and more tagging systems that allow users to annotate digital resources with tags (keywords) and share their annotations with other users. Tagging is frequently seen in contrast to traditional knowledge organization systems or as something completely new. This paper shows that tagging should better be seen as a popular form of manual indexing on the Web. Difference between controlled and free indexing blurs with sufficient feedback mechanisms. A revised typology of tagging systems is presented that includes different user roles and knowledge organization systems with hierarchical relationships and vocabulary control. A detailed bibliography of current research in collaborative tagging is included. },
  author = {Voss, Jakob},
  file = {voss2007tagging.pdf:voss2007tagging.pdf:PDF},
  groups = {public},
  howpublished = {Preprint},
  interhash = {c293cd6ef590c6aaf32df75cbdb9de82},
  intrahash = {6b4a65cb847069156a8ea54b9ec977c6},
  journalpub = {1},
  timestamp = {2011-02-02 13:49:32},
  title = {Tagging, Folksonomy \& Co. Renaissance of Manual Indexing?},
  url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0701072},
  username = {dbenz},
  year = 2007
}

@inproceedings{sen2006tagging,
  abstract = {A tagging community's vocabulary of tags forms the basis for social navigation and shared expression.We present a user-centric model of vocabulary evolution in tagging communities based on community influence and personal tendency. We evaluate our model in an emergent tagging system by introducing tagging features into the MovieLens recommender system.We explore four tag selection algorithms for displaying tags applied by other community members. We analyze the algorithms 'effect on vocabulary evolution, tag utility, tag adoption, and user satisfaction.},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  author = {Sen, Shilad and Lam, Shyong K. and Rashid, Al Mamunur and Cosley, Dan and Frankowski, Dan and Osterhouse, Jeremy and Harper, F. Maxwell and Riedl, John},
  booktitle = {CSCW '06: Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work},
  doi = {10.1145/1180875.1180904},
  file = {sen2006tagging.pdf:sen2006tagging.pdf:PDF},
  groups = {public},
  interhash = {96b20bffcbc91e528461529935524b90},
  intrahash = {582641c05e7a0b9396945a951822c83f},
  isbn = {1-59593-249-6},
  location = {Banff, Alberta, Canada},
  pages = {181--190},
  publisher = {ACM},
  timestamp = {2011-02-02 15:10:48},
  title = {tagging, communities, vocabulary, evolution},
  url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1180904},
  username = {dbenz},
  year = 2006
}

@inproceedings{tosic2006semantics,
  abstract = {In this paper, we adopt a system-oriented approach to the collabora-tive tagging and define it as a set of interactions in the system of Web re-sources. First, the system of Web resources is modeled as a set of interacting agents and collaborative tagging is represented as concurrent initiation of inter-actions between agents in the system. Also, we define concept of knowledge for individual agents. Later we use concepts of interaction and knowledge to give definition of a Link. Then, for a given Universal Set of Resources, we introduce Tag Cloud System (TCS) and definition of (possibly fuzzy) collections of re-sources. Finally, we introduce concept of Class, based on projection of collec-tions of resources in the TCS, to lay down some of the groundwork towards TCS-based type system.},
  author = {Tosic, Milorad and Milicevic, Valentina},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Scripting for the Semantic Web},
  file = {tosic2006semantics.pdf:tosic2006semantics.pdf:PDF},
  groups = {public},
  interhash = {9633d80f92d484b973a9368d8c65e846},
  intrahash = {92a9cbe5c3d60047ff147875ee7557f7},
  pages = {1-10},
  timestamp = {2011-02-02 15:23:45},
  title = {The Semantics of Collaborative Tagging System},
  url = {http://www.mendeley.com/research/semantics-collaborative-tagging-system/},
  username = {dbenz},
  year = 2006
}