@article{DOM+21,
abstract = {X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) as the world`s most brilliant light sources provide ultrashort X-ray pulses with durations typically on the order of femtoseconds. Recently, they have approached and entered the attosecond regime, which holds new promises for single-molecule imaging and studying nonlinear and ultrafast phenomena like localized electron dynamics. The technological evolution of XFELs toward well-controllable light sources for precise metrology of ultrafast processes was, however, hampered by the diagnostic capabilities for characterizing X-ray pulses at the attosecond frontier. In this regard, the spectroscopic technique of photoelectron angular streaking has successfully proven how to non-destructively retrieve the exact time-energy structure of XFEL pulses on a single-shot basis. By using artificial intelligence algorithms, in particular convolutional neural networks, we here show how this technique can be leveraged from its proof-of-principle stage toward routine diagnostics at XFELs, thus enhancing and refining their scientific access in all related disciplines.},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System},
adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021arXiv210813979D},
archiveprefix = {arXiv},
author = {{Dingel}, Kristina and {Otto}, Thorsten and {Marder}, Lutz and {Funke}, Lars and {Held}, Arne and {Savio}, Sara and {Hans}, Andreas and {Hartmann}, Gregor and {Meier}, David and {Viefhaus}, Jens and {Sick}, Bernhard and {Ehresmann}, Arno and {Ilchen}, Markus and {Helml}, Wolfram},
eid = {arXiv:2108.13979},
eprint = {2108.13979},
interhash = {c803192ee609104c0af8500c632d5d01},
intrahash = {3904c6bd556676ba2223dbe50000ecbf},
journal = {arXiv e-prints},
month = aug,
pages = {arXiv:2108.13979},
primaryclass = {physics.data-an},
title = {{Toward AI-enhanced online-characterization and shaping of ultrashort X-ray free-electron laser pulses}},
year = 2021
}
@book{freedman2000critical,
abstract = {Carl Freedman traces the fundamental and mostly unexamined relationships between the discourses of science fiction and critical theory, arguing that science fiction is (or ought to be) a privileged genre for critical theory. He asserts that it is no accident that the upsurge of academic interest in science fiction since the 1970s coincides with the heyday of literary theory, and that likewise science fiction is one of the most theoretically informed areas of the literary profession. Extended readings of novels by five of the most important modern science fiction authors illustrate the affinity between science fiction and critical theory, in each case concentrating on one major novel that resonates with concerns proper to critical theory.
Freedman's five readings are: Solaris: Stanislaw Lem and the Structure of Cognition; The Dispossessed: Ursula LeGuin and the Ambiguities of Utopia; The Two of Them: Joanna Russ and the Violence of Gender; Stars in My Pocket Like Grains of Sand: Samuel Delany and the Dialectics of Difference; The Man in the High Castle: Philip K. Dick and the Construction of Realities. Summary hebis},
address = {Hanover [u.a.] },
author = {Freedman, Carl Howard},
format = {book},
interhash = {203ac1c10ff2a59382bfd7e364c7267d},
intrahash = {373b748a1d517517f38b7672357f63db},
isbn = {9780819563996},
locations = {102599432},
primaryauthor = {Freedman, Carl Howard},
publisher = {Wesleyan Univ. Press [u.a.]},
shorttitle = {Critical theory and science fiction},
signatures = {Wird erworben},
subtitle = {Carl Freedman},
title = {Critical theory and science fiction},
titlestatement = {Carl Freedman},
uniqueid = {HEB094940533},
url = {http://scans.hebis.de/HEBCGI/show.pl?09494053_toc.pdf},
year = 2000
}
@article{ioannidis2014published,
abstract = { In a 2005 paper that has been accessed more than a million times, John Ioannidis explained why most published research findings were false. Here he revisits the topic, this time to address how to improve matters.
Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
},
author = {Ioannidis, John P. A.},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1001747},
interhash = {8f87798566749594f170a42763ad239e},
intrahash = {2ced982df534cdc04b9feff0f4206b2a},
journal = {PLoS Med},
month = {10},
number = 10,
pages = {e1001747},
publisher = {Public Library of Science},
title = {How to Make More Published Research True},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001747},
volume = 11,
year = 2014
}
@article{Hoonlor:2013:TCS:2507771.2500892,
abstract = {Keywords in the ACM Digital Library and IEEE Xplore digital library and in NSF grants anticipate future CS research.},
acmid = {2500892},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
author = {Hoonlor, Apirak and Szymanski, Boleslaw K. and Zaki, Mohammed J.},
doi = {10.1145/2500892},
interhash = {425133ebceab2bce5f418ffd9917df55},
intrahash = {4a2aee492bfcfcdbbcc7774bdcddd4a2},
issn = {0001-0782},
issue_date = {October 2013},
journal = {Commun. ACM},
month = oct,
number = 10,
numpages = {10},
pages = {74--83},
publisher = {ACM},
title = {Trends in Computer Science Research},
url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2500892},
volume = 56,
year = 2013
}
@article{boerner2012design,
abstract = {Global maps of science can be used as a reference system to chart career trajectories, the location of emerging research frontiers, or the expertise profiles of institutes or nations. This paper details data preparation, analysis, and layout performed when designing and subsequently updating the UCSD map of science and classification system. The original classification and map use 7.2 million papers and their references from Elsevier’s Scopus (about 15,000 source titles, 2001–2005) and Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science (WoS) Science, Social Science, Arts & Humanities Citation Indexes (about 9,000 source titles, 2001–2004)–about 16,000 unique source titles. The updated map and classification adds six years (2005–2010) of WoS data and three years (2006–2008) from Scopus to the existing category structure–increasing the number of source titles to about 25,000. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a widely used map of science was updated. A comparison of the original 5-year and the new 10-year maps and classification system show (i) an increase in the total number of journals that can be mapped by 9,409 journals (social sciences had a 80% increase, humanities a 119% increase, medical (32%) and natural science (74%)), (ii) a simplification of the map by assigning all but five highly interdisciplinary journals to exactly one discipline, (iii) a more even distribution of journals over the 554 subdisciplines and 13 disciplines when calculating the coefficient of variation, and (iv) a better reflection of journal clusters when compared with paper-level citation data. When evaluating the map with a listing of desirable features for maps of science, the updated map is shown to have higher mapping accuracy, easier understandability as fewer journals are multiply classified, and higher usability for the generation of data overlays, among others.},
author = {Börner, Katy and Klavans, Richard and Patek, Michael and Zoss, Angela M. and Biberstine, Joseph R. and Light, Robert P. and Larivière, Vincent and Boyack, Kevin W.},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0039464},
interhash = {c27eeafd6c2d77f7022ce10236e3dd47},
intrahash = {494fdcbea8cd30a1a04a06aa1696fce6},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
month = jul,
number = 7,
pages = {e39464},
publisher = {Public Library of Science},
title = {Design and Update of a Classification System: The UCSD Map of Science},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0039464},
volume = 7,
year = 2012
}
@article{larowe2009scholarly,
abstract = {The Scholarly Database aims to serve researchers and practitioners interested in the analysis, modelling, and visualization of large-scale data sets. A specific focus of this database is to support macro-evolutionary studies of science and to communicate findings via knowledge-domain visualizations. Currently, the database provides access to about 18 million publications, patents, and grants. About 90% of the publications are available in full text. Except for some datasets with restricted access conditions, the data can be retrieved in raw or pre-processed formats using either a web-based or a relational database client. This paper motivates the need for the database from the perspective of bibliometric/scientometric research. It explains the database design, setup, etc., and reports the temporal, geographical, and topic coverage of data sets currently served via the database. Planned work and the potential for this database to become a global testbed for information science research are discussed at the end of the paper.},
author = {La Rowe, Gavin and Ambre, Sumeet and Burgoon, John and Ke, Weimao and Börner, Katy},
doi = {10.1007/s11192-009-0414-2},
interhash = {1819f263b0ea1b99ec15d0c22b38207e},
intrahash = {c24611ec1f2efbdcf7f5b26d49af320e},
issn = {0138-9130},
journal = {Scientometrics},
language = {English},
number = 2,
pages = {219--234},
publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
title = {The Scholarly Database and its utility for scientometrics research},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0414-2},
volume = 79,
year = 2009
}
@article{dunne2012rapid,
abstract = {Keeping up with rapidly growing research fields, especially when there are multiple interdisciplinary sources, requires substantial effort for researchers, program managers, or venture capital investors. Current theories and tools are directed at finding a paper or website, not gaining an understanding of the key papers, authors, controversies, and hypotheses. This report presents an effort to integrate statistics, text analytics, and visualization in a multiple coordinated window environment that supports exploration. Our prototype system, Action Science Explorer (ASE), provides an environment for demonstrating principles of coordination and conducting iterative usability tests of them with interested and knowledgeable users. We developed an understanding of the value of reference management, statistics, citation text extraction, natural language summarization for single and multiple documents, filters to interactively select key papers, and network visualization to see citation patterns and identify clusters. A three-phase usability study guided our revisions to ASE and led us to improve the testing methods.},
author = {Dunne, Cody and Shneiderman, Ben and Gove, Robert and Klavans, Judith and Dorr, Bonnie},
doi = {10.1002/asi.22652},
interhash = {f031d712f64663242af6b6ec95b74f48},
intrahash = {045df67628ff0ae9b75bb1ecf915d025},
issn = {1532-2890},
journal = {Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology},
number = 12,
pages = {2351--2369},
title = {Rapid understanding of scientific paper collections: Integrating statistics, text analytics, and visualization},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.22652},
volume = 63,
year = 2012
}
@incollection{pieper2009wissenschaftliche,
abstract = {Dieser Beitrag untersucht, in welchem Umfang Dokumente von Dokumentenservern wissenschaftlicher Institutionen in den allgemeinen Suchmaschinen Google und Yahoo nachgewiesen sind und inwieweit wissenschaftliche Suchmaschinen für die Suche nach solchen Dokumenten besser geeignet sind. Dazu werden die fünf Suchmaschinen BASE, Google Scholar, OAIster, Scientific Commons und Scirus überblickartig beschrieben und miteinander verglichen. Hauptaugenmerk wird dabei auf die unterschiedlichen Inhalte, Suchfunktionen und Ausgabemöglichkeiten gelegt, mit Hilfe eines Retrievaltests wird speziell die Leistungsfähigkeit der Suchmaschinen beim Auffinden von Dokumenten, deren Volltexte im Sinne des Open Access direkt und ohne Beschränkungen aufrufbar sind, untersucht.},
author = {Pieper, Dirk and Wolf, Sebastian},
booktitle = {Handbuch Internet-Suchmaschinen: Nutzerorientierung in Wissenschaft und Praxis},
editor = {Dirk, Lewandowski},
interhash = {b915fb45a9a6dc3499247e76992c7897},
intrahash = {1f997db426731303690c9bb962f1c158},
pages = {356--374},
publisher = {Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft AKA},
title = {Wissenschaftliche Dokumente in Suchmaschinen},
url = {http://eprints.rclis.org/12746/},
year = 2009
}
@inproceedings{krafft2010enabling,
abstract = {The VIVO project is creating an open, Semantic Web-based network of institutional ontology-driven databases to enable national discovery, networking, and collaboration via information sharing about researchers and their activities. The project has been funded by NIH to implement VIVO at the University of Florida, Cornell University, and Indiana University Bloomington together with four other partner institutions. Working with the Semantic Web/Linked Open Data community, the project will pilot the development of common ontologies, integration with institutional information sources and authentication, and national discovery and exploration of networks of researchers. Building on technology developed over the last five years at Cornell University, VIVO supports the flexible description and interrelation of people, organizations, activities, projects, publications, affiliations, and other entities and properties. VIVO itself is an open source Java application built on W3C Semantic Web standards, including RDF, OWL, and SPARQL. To create researcher profiles, VIVO draws on authoritative information from institutional databases, external data sources such as PubMed, and information provided directly by researchers themselves. While the NIH-funded project focuses on biomedical research, the current Cornell implementation of VIVO supports the full range of disciplines across the university, from music to mechanical engineering to management. There are many ways a person?s expertise may be discovered, through grants, presentations, courses and news releases, as well as through research statements or publications listed on their profile{--}resulting in the creation of implicit groups or networks of people based on a number of pre-identified, shared characteristics. In addition to formal authoritative information and relationships, VIVO can also support the creation of personal work groups and associated properties to represent the informal relationships evolving around collaboration.},
author = {Krafft, Dean B. and Cappadona, Nicholas A. and Caruso, Brian and Corson-Rikert, Jon and Devare, Medha and Lowe, Brian J. and Collaboration, VIVO},
booktitle = {WebSci10: Extending the Frontiers of Society On-Line},
interhash = {be9a22c8b28fcf00dc26025b5b127956},
intrahash = {87a568555fcc35532e9384337c1ce68a},
title = {VIVO: Enabling National Networking of Scientists},
url = {http://journal.webscience.org/316/},
year = 2010
}
@article{bechhofer2013linked,
abstract = {Scientific data represents a significant portion of the linked open data cloud and scientists stand to benefit from the data fusion capability this will afford. Publishing linked data into the cloud, however, does not ensure the required reusability. Publishing has requirements of provenance, quality, credit, attribution and methods to provide the reproducibility that enables validation of results. In this paper we make the case for a scientific data publication model on top of linked data and introduce the notion of Research Objects as first class citizens for sharing and publishing.},
author = {Bechhofer, Sean and Buchan, Iain and De Roure, David and Missier, Paolo and Ainsworth, John and Bhagat, Jiten and Couch, Philip and Cruickshank, Don and Delderfield, Mark and Dunlop, Ian and Gamble, Matthew and Michaelides, Danius and Owen, Stuart and Newman, David and Sufi, Shoaib and Goble, Carole},
doi = {10.1016/j.future.2011.08.004},
interhash = {8df8b7069a622aa2eae6d74e5fdc0a6b},
intrahash = {f500b67a045765125183e23c827991d2},
issn = {0167-739X},
journal = {Future Generation Computer Systems},
number = 2,
pages = {599--611},
title = {Why linked data is not enough for scientists},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167739X11001439},
volume = 29,
year = 2013
}
@article{sun2013social,
abstract = {The birth and decline of disciplines are critical to science and society. How do scientific disciplines emerge? No quantitative model to date allows us to validate competing theories on the different roles of endogenous processes, such as social collaborations, and exogenous events, such as scientific discoveries. Here we propose an agent-based model in which the evolution of disciplines is guided mainly by social interactions among agents representing scientists. Disciplines emerge from splitting and merging of social communities in a collaboration network. We find that this social model can account for a number of stylized facts about the relationships between disciplines, scholars, and publications. These results provide strong quantitative support for the key role of social interactions in shaping the dynamics of science. While several “science of science” theories exist, this is the first account for the emergence of disciplines that is validated on the basis of empirical data.},
author = {Sun, Xiaoling and Kaur, Jasleen and Milojevic, Stasa and Flammini, Alessandro and Menczer, Filippo},
doi = {10.1038/srep01069},
interhash = {5cd31392e997555d78596f962044f84b},
intrahash = {721dcd5644cca27fd50d8e6ffd667056},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
month = jan,
publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited},
title = {Social Dynamics of Science},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep01069},
volume = 3,
year = 2013
}
@article{sun2013social,
author = {Sun, Xiaoling and Kaur, Jasleen and Milojevic, Stasa and Flammini, Alessandro and Menczer, Filippo},
comment = {10.1038/srep01069},
interhash = {5cd31392e997555d78596f962044f84b},
intrahash = {ed28353b082f3ccbd23ea85ea9d7c8e5},
journal = {Sci. Rep.},
month = jan,
publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved},
title = {Social Dynamics of Science},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep01069},
volume = 3,
year = 2013
}
@article{aguillo2009measuring,
abstract = {Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an alternative, although complementary, system for the evaluation of the scholarly activities of academic organizations, scholars and researchers, based on web indicators, in order to speed up the change of paradigm in scholarly communication towards a new fully electronic twenty-first century model. Design/methodology/approach – In order to achieve these goals, a new set of web indicators has been introduced, obtained mainly from data gathered from search engines, the new mediators of scholarly communication. Findings – It was found that three large groups of indicators are feasible to obtain and relevant for evaluation purposes: activity (web publication); impact (visibility) and usage (visits and visitors). As a proof of concept, a Ranking Web of Universities has been built with Webometrics data. There are two relevant findings: ranking results are similar to those obtained by other bibliometric-based rankings; and there is a concerning digital divide between North American and European universities, which appear in lower positions when compared with their USA and Canada counterparts. Research limitations/implications – Cybermetrics is still an emerging discipline, so new developments should be expected when more empirical data become available. Practical implications – The proposed approach suggests the publication of truly electronic journals, rather than digital versions of printed articles. Additional materials, such as raw data and multimedia files, should be included along with other relevant information arising from more informal activities. These repositories should be Open Access, available as part of the public web, indexed by the main commercial search engines. It is expected that these actions could generate larger web-based audiences, reduce the costs of publication and access and allow third parties to take advantage of the knowledge generated, without sacrificing peer review, which should be extended (pre- and post-) and expanded (closed and open). Originality/value – A full taxonomy of web indicators is introduced for describing and evaluating research activities, academic organizations and individual scholars and scientists. Previous attempts for building such classification were incomplete and did not take into account feasibility and efficiency.},
address = {Bingley},
author = {Aguillo, Isidro},
doi = {10.1108/073788309},
interhash = {116e889174766cd359f7e79eb1a36302},
intrahash = {9734b1f272204883b30dedaa8069fdad},
issn = {0737-8831},
journal = {Library Hi Tech},
number = 4,
pages = {540--556},
publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
title = {Measuring the institution's footprint in the web},
url = {http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=1812469&show=abstract},
volume = 27,
year = 2009
}
@presentation{easterbrook2007basics,
author = {Easterbrook, Steve},
interhash = {f03b26df87bcede0b52494216ec1c4a1},
intrahash = {736d303f8938e4635458544e94ad1a39},
series = {Empirical Research Methods in SE},
title = {Basics of Doing Research},
url = {http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~sme/CSC2130/slides/04-basics.pdf},
year = 2007
}
@article{wilson2012practices,
abstract = {Scientists spend an increasing amount of time building and using software. However, most scientists are never taught how to do this efficiently. As a result, many are unaware of tools and practices that would allow them to write more reliable and maintainable code with less effort. We describe a set of best practices for scientific software development that have solid foundations in research and experience, and that improve scientists' productivity and the reliability of their software.},
author = {Wilson, Greg and Aruliah, D. A. and Brown, C. Titus and Hong, Neil P. Chue and Davis, Matt and Guy, Richard T. and Haddock, Steven H. D. and Huff, Katy and Mitchell, Ian M. and Plumbley, Mark and Waugh, Ben and White, Ethan P. and Wilson, Paul},
interhash = {78f98610c430aa34dc2e161bb8069401},
intrahash = {e28ce8ccadfa439cce3bcdcb5289b499},
journal = {CoRR},
month = oct,
title = {Best Practices for Scientific Computing},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1210.0530},
volume = {abs/1210.0530},
year = 2012
}
@article{wilson2012practices,
abstract = {Scientists spend an increasing amount of time building and using software. However, most scientists are never taught how to do this efficiently. As a result, many are unaware of tools and practices that would allow them to write more reliable and maintainable code with less effort. We describe a set of best practices for scientific software development that have solid foundations in research and experience, and that improve scientists' productivity and the reliability of their software.},
author = {Wilson, Greg and Aruliah, D. A. and Brown, C. Titus and Hong, Neil P. Chue and Davis, Matt and Guy, Richard T. and Haddock, Steven H. D. and Huff, Katy and Mitchell, Ian M. and Plumbley, Mark and Waugh, Ben and White, Ethan P. and Wilson, Paul},
interhash = {78f98610c430aa34dc2e161bb8069401},
intrahash = {e28ce8ccadfa439cce3bcdcb5289b499},
journal = {CoRR},
month = oct,
title = {Best Practices for Scientific Computing},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1210.0530},
volume = {abs/1210.0530},
year = 2012
}
@article{ley2009lessons,
abstract = {The DBLP Computer Science Bibliography evolved from an early small experimental Web server to a popular service for the computer science community. Many design decisions and details of the public XML-records behind DBLP never were documented. This paper is a review of the evolution of DBLP. The main perspective is data modeling. In DBLP persons play a central role, our discussion of person names may be applicable to many other data bases. All DBLP data are available for your own experiments. You may either download the complete set, or use a simple XML-based API described in an online appendix.},
acmid = {1687577},
author = {Ley, Michael},
interhash = {a75ae2987d55512b7d0731c7a11a1722},
intrahash = {bb968ff4ba9ae93bc80ba05d16a98ff4},
issn = {2150-8097},
issue_date = {August 2009},
journal = {Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment},
month = aug,
number = 2,
numpages = {8},
pages = {1493--1500},
publisher = {VLDB Endowment},
title = {DBLP: some lessons learned},
url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1687553.1687577},
volume = 2,
year = 2009
}
@article{ortega2009mapping,
abstract = {A visual display of the most important universities in the world is the aim of this paper. It shows the topological characteristics and describes the web relationships among universities of different countries and continents. The first 1000 higher education institutions from the Ranking Web of World Universities were selected and their link relationships were obtained from Yahoo! Search. Network graphs and geographical maps were built from the search engine data. Social network analysis techniques were used to analyse and describe the structural properties of the whole of the network and its nodes. The results show that the world-class university network is constituted from national sub-networks that merge in a central core where the principal universities of each country pull their networks toward international link relationships. The United States dominates the world network, and within Europe the British and the German sub-networks stand out.},
author = {Ortega, Jose Luis and Aguillo, Isidro F.},
doi = {10.1016/j.ipm.2008.10.001},
interhash = {1c46addf1c5019aa75a11365a35da757},
intrahash = {f5960b8cb33d8b10b82abadd17b9a4e7},
issn = {0306-4573},
journal = {Information Processing & Management},
number = 2,
pages = {272--279},
title = {Mapping world-class universities on the web},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306457308001015},
volume = 45,
year = 2009
}
@article{ortega2008academic,
abstract = {This paper shows maps of the web presence of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) on the level of universities using hyperlinks and analyses the topology of the European academic network. Its purpose is to combine methods from Social Network Analysis (SNA) and cybermetric techniques in order to ask for tendencies of integration of the European universities visible in their web presence and the role of different universities in the process of the emergence of an European Research Area. We find as a main result that the European network is set up by the aggregation of well-defined national networks, whereby the German and British networks are dominant. The national networks are connected to each other through outstanding national universities in each country.},
affiliation = {CINDOC-CSIC Cybermetrics Lab Joaquín Costa, 22 28002 Madrid Spain},
author = {Ortega, Jose and Aguillo, Isidro and Cothey, Viv and Scharnhorst, Andrea},
doi = {10.1007/s11192-008-0218-9},
interhash = {9c9dcd171a50875d82f75f5a12d3c41f},
intrahash = {22102ef820bb00f432c842edf6e98a1f},
issn = {0138-9130},
journal = {Scientometrics},
keyword = {Computer Science},
number = 2,
pages = {295--308},
publisher = {Akadémiai Kiadó},
title = {Maps of the academic web in the European Higher Education Area — an exploration of visual web indicators},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-008-0218-9},
volume = 74,
year = 2008
}
@article{cho2006stanford,
abstract = {We describe the design and performance of WebBase, a tool for Web research. The system includes a highly customizable crawler, a repository for collected Web pages, an indexer for both text and link-related page features, and a high-speed content distribution facility. The distribution module enables researchers world-wide to retrieve pages from WebBase, and stream them across the Internet at high speed. The advantage for the researchers is that they need not all crawl the Web before beginning their research. WebBase has been used by scores of research and teaching organizations world-wide, mostly for investigations into Web topology and linguistic content analysis. After describing the system's architecture, we explain our engineering decisions for each of the WebBase components, and present respective performance measurements.},
acmid = {1149124},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
author = {Cho, Junghoo and Garcia-Molina, Hector and Haveliwala, Taher and Lam, Wang and Paepcke, Andreas and Raghavan, Sriram and Wesley, Gary},
doi = {10.1145/1149121.1149124},
interhash = {bebbc072ea2dccf4c2b27abf244c1f08},
intrahash = {3cd21bf8a87619e0489b8da177c9f0b4},
issn = {1533-5399},
issue_date = {May 2006},
journal = {ACM Transactions on Internet Technology},
month = may,
number = 2,
numpages = {34},
pages = {153--186},
publisher = {ACM},
title = {Stanford WebBase components and applications},
url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1149121.1149124},
volume = 6,
year = 2006
}
@article{stirling2012archives,
abstract = {The Internet has been covered by legal deposit legislation in France since 2006, making web archiving one of the missions of the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF). Access to the web archives has been provided in the library on an experimental basis since 2008. In the context of increasing interest in many countries in web archiving and how it may best serve the needs of researchers, especially in the expanding field of Internet studies for social sciences, a qualitative study was performed, based on interviews with potential users of the web archives held at the BnF, and particularly researchers working in various areas related to the Internet. The study aimed to explore their needs in terms of both content and services, and also to analyse different ways of representing the archives, in order to identify ways of increasing their use. While the interest of maintaining the "memory" of the web is obvious to the researchers, they are faced with the difficulty of defining, in what is a seemingly limitless space, meaningful collections of documents. Cultural heritage institutions such as national libraries are perceived as trusted third parties capable of creating rationally-constructed and well-documented collections, but such archives raise certain ethical and methodological questions.},
author = {Stirling, Peter and Chevallier, Philippe and Illien, Gildas},
doi = {10.1045/march2012-stirling},
interhash = {a783191c99a285197525595ebf509bb2},
intrahash = {4f7840193e7e435ad5dd0003fc93691a},
issn = {1082-9873},
journal = {D-Lib Magazine},
month = {March/April },
number = {3/4},
title = {Web Archives for Researchers: Representations, Expectations and Potential Uses},
url = {http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march12/stirling/03stirling.html},
volume = 18,
year = 2012
}
@mastersthesis{olson2012cloud,
abstract = {My thesis describes the design and implementation of systems that empower individuals to help their communities respond to critical situations and to participate in research that helps them understand and improve their environments. People want to help their communities respond to threats such as earthquakes, wildfires, mudslides and hurricanes, and they want to participate in research that helps them understand and improve their environment. “Citizen Science” projects that facilitate this interaction include projects that monitor climate change, water quality and animal habitats. My thesis explores the design and analysis of community-based sense and response systems that enable individuals to participate in critical community activities and scientific research that monitors their environments.},
author = {Olson, Michael J.},
interhash = {a9cdee464e76cd5210c13d7f66981e83},
intrahash = {d9e22a1a5e9404a805aee5cb0fd406c4},
school = {California Institute of Technology},
title = {Cloud computing for citizen science},
type = {Master's thesis},
url = {http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:08232011-122341638},
year = 2012
}
@article{pham2011development,
abstract = {In contrast to many other scientific disciplines, computer science considers conference publications. Conferences have the advantage of providing fast publication of papers and of bringing researchers together to present and discuss the paper with peers. Previous work on knowledge mapping focused on the map of all sciences or a particular domain based on ISI published Journal Citation Report (JCR). Although this data cover most of the important journals, it lacks computer science conference and workshop proceedings, which results in an imprecise and incomplete analysis of the computer science knowledge. This paper presents an analysis on the computer science knowledge network constructed from all types of publications, aiming at providing a complete view of computer science research. Based on the combination of two important digital libraries (DBLP and CiteSeerX), we study the knowledge network created at journal/conference level using citation linkage, to identify the development of sub-disciplines. We investigate the collaborative and citation behavior of journals/conferences by analyzing the properties of their co-authorship and citation subgraphs. The paper draws several important conclusions. First, conferences constitute social structures that shape the computer science knowledge. Second, computer science is becoming more interdisciplinary. Third, experts are the key success factor for sustainability of journals/conferences.},
address = {Wien},
affiliation = {Information Systems and Database Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany},
author = {Pham, Manh and Klamma, Ralf and Jarke, Matthias},
doi = {10.1007/s13278-011-0024-x},
interhash = {193312234ed176aa8be9f35d4d1c4e72},
intrahash = {8ae08cacda75da80bfa5604cfce48449},
issn = {1869-5450},
journal = {Social Network Analysis and Mining},
keyword = {Computer Science},
number = 4,
pages = {321--340},
publisher = {Springer},
title = {Development of computer science disciplines: a social network analysis approach},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13278-011-0024-x},
volume = 1,
year = 2011
}
@article{pham2011development,
abstract = {In contrast to many other scientific disciplines, computer science considers conference publications. Conferences have the advantage of providing fast publication of papers and of bringing researchers together to present and discuss the paper with peers. Previous work on knowledge mapping focused on the map of all sciences or a particular domain based on ISI published Journal Citation Report (JCR). Although this data cover most of the important journals, it lacks computer science conference and workshop proceedings, which results in an imprecise and incomplete analysis of the computer science knowledge. This paper presents an analysis on the computer science knowledge network constructed from all types of publications, aiming at providing a complete view of computer science research. Based on the combination of two important digital libraries (DBLP and CiteSeerX), we study the knowledge network created at journal/conference level using citation linkage, to identify the development of sub-disciplines. We investigate the collaborative and citation behavior of journals/conferences by analyzing the properties of their co-authorship and citation subgraphs. The paper draws several important conclusions. First, conferences constitute social structures that shape the computer science knowledge. Second, computer science is becoming more interdisciplinary. Third, experts are the key success factor for sustainability of journals/conferences.},
address = {Wien},
affiliation = {Information Systems and Database Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany},
author = {Pham, Manh and Klamma, Ralf and Jarke, Matthias},
doi = {10.1007/s13278-011-0024-x},
interhash = {193312234ed176aa8be9f35d4d1c4e72},
intrahash = {8ae08cacda75da80bfa5604cfce48449},
issn = {1869-5450},
journal = {Social Network Analysis and Mining},
keyword = {Computer Science},
number = 4,
pages = {321--340},
publisher = {Springer},
title = {Development of computer science disciplines: a social network analysis approach},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13278-011-0024-x},
volume = 1,
year = 2011
}
@article{bernerslee2006creating,
abstract = {Since its inception, the World Wide Web has changed the ways scientists communicate, collaborate, and educate. There is, however, a growing realization among many researchers that a clear research agenda aimed at understanding the current, evolving, and potential Web is needed. If we want to model the Web; if we want to understand the architectural principles that have provided for its growth; and if we want to be sure that it supports the basic social values of trustworthiness, privacy, and respect for social boundaries, then we must chart out a research agenda that targets the Web as a primary focus of attention.},
author = {Berners-Lee, Tim and Hall, Wendy and Hendler, James and Shadbolt, Nigel and Weitzner, Daniel J.},
doi = {10.1126/science.1126902},
eprint = {http://www.sciencemag.org/content/313/5788/769.full.pdf},
interhash = {4faeccd1fb26fbc059558be4ce111c6d},
intrahash = {6daebd9940f9fe0c3a3da39001efa9a0},
journal = {Science},
number = 5788,
pages = {769--771},
title = {Creating a Science of the Web},
url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/content/313/5788/769.short},
volume = 313,
year = 2006
}
@article{borrego2012measuring,
abstract = {This paper explores the possibility of using data from social bookmarking services to measure the use of information by academic researchers. Social bookmarking data can be used to augment participative methods (e.g. interviews and surveys) and other, non-participative methods (e.g. citation analysis and transaction logs) to measure the use of scholarly information. We use BibSonomy, a free resource-sharing system, as a case study. Results show that published journal articles are by far the most popular type of source bookmarked, followed by conference proceedings and books. Commercial journal publisher platforms are the most popular type of information resource bookmarked, followed by websites, records in databases and digital repositories. Usage of open access information resources is low in comparison with toll access journals. In the case of open access repositories, there is a marked preference for the use of subject-based repositories over institutional repositories. The results are consistent with those observed in related studies based on surveys and citation analysis, confirming the possible use of bookmarking data in studies of information behaviour in academic settings. The main advantages of using social bookmarking data are that is an unobtrusive approach, it captures the reading habits of researchers who are not necessarily authors, and data are readily available. The main limitation is that a significant amount of human resources is required in cleaning and standardizing the data.},
author = {Borrego, Ángel and Fry, Jenny},
doi = {10.1177/0165551512438353},
eprint = {http://jis.sagepub.com/content/38/3/297.full.pdf+html},
interhash = {71ddfdd5b3d99b1a2986b4ded5e02b3c},
intrahash = {e5ccbb3378eeb88e7288d8ce59539812},
journal = {Journal of Information Science},
number = 3,
pages = {297--308},
title = {Measuring researchers' use of scholarly information through social bookmarking data: A case study of BibSonomy},
url = {http://jis.sagepub.com/content/38/3/297.abstract},
volume = 38,
year = 2012
}
@article{borrego2012measuring,
abstract = {This paper explores the possibility of using data from social bookmarking services to measure the use of information by academic researchers. Social bookmarking data can be used to augment participative methods (e.g. interviews and surveys) and other, non-participative methods (e.g. citation analysis and transaction logs) to measure the use of scholarly information. We use BibSonomy, a free resource-sharing system, as a case study. Results show that published journal articles are by far the most popular type of source bookmarked, followed by conference proceedings and books. Commercial journal publisher platforms are the most popular type of information resource bookmarked, followed by websites, records in databases and digital repositories. Usage of open access information resources is low in comparison with toll access journals. In the case of open access repositories, there is a marked preference for the use of subject-based repositories over institutional repositories. The results are consistent with those observed in related studies based on surveys and citation analysis, confirming the possible use of bookmarking data in studies of information behaviour in academic settings. The main advantages of using social bookmarking data are that is an unobtrusive approach, it captures the reading habits of researchers who are not necessarily authors, and data are readily available. The main limitation is that a significant amount of human resources is required in cleaning and standardizing the data.},
author = {Borrego, Ángel and Fry, Jenny},
doi = {10.1177/0165551512438353},
eprint = {http://jis.sagepub.com/content/38/3/297.full.pdf+html},
interhash = {71ddfdd5b3d99b1a2986b4ded5e02b3c},
intrahash = {e5ccbb3378eeb88e7288d8ce59539812},
journal = {Journal of Information Science},
number = 3,
pages = {297--308},
title = {Measuring researchers' use of scholarly information through social bookmarking data: A case study of BibSonomy},
url = {http://jis.sagepub.com/content/38/3/297.abstract},
volume = 38,
year = 2012
}
@inproceedings{lawrence1999indexing,
abstract = {The web has greatly improved access to scientific literature. However, scientific articles on the web are largely disorganized, with research articles being spread across archive sites, institution sites, journal sites, and researcher homepages. No index covers all of the available literature, and the major web search engines typically do not index the content of Postscript/PDF documents at all. This paper discusses the creation of digital libraries of scientific literature on the web, including the efficient location of articles, full-text indexing of the articles, autonomous citation indexing, information extraction, display of query-sensitive summaries and citation context, hubs and authorities computation, similar document detection, user profiling, distributed error correction, graph analysis, and detection of overlapping documents. The software for the system is available at no cost for non-commercial use.},
acmid = {319970},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
author = {Lawrence, Steve and Bollacker, Kurt and Giles, C. Lee},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the eighth international conference on Information and knowledge management},
doi = {10.1145/319950.319970},
interhash = {09c20b905496b3fba782688018d948b0},
intrahash = {8f79ea9ca0db12c8bf853dcceed20eb3},
isbn = {1-58113-146-1},
location = {Kansas City, Missouri, United States},
numpages = {8},
pages = {139--146},
publisher = {ACM},
title = {Indexing and retrieval of scientific literature},
url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/319950.319970},
year = 1999
}
@presentation{noauthororeditor,
author = {leaong, Sheryl},
interhash = {94d316680af6c91206302e964f2d7918},
intrahash = {03ec5a6b30883646ee0c489630656b04},
title = {A survey of recommender systems for scientific papers},
year = 2012
}
@article{bollen2009clickstream,
abstract = {Background Intricate maps of science have been created from citation data to visualize the structure of scientific activity. However, most scientific publications are now accessed online. Scholarly web portals record detailed log data at a scale that exceeds the number of all existing citations combined. Such log data is recorded immediately upon publication and keeps track of the sequences of user requests (clickstreams) that are issued by a variety of users across many different domains. Given these advantages of log datasets over citation data, we investigate whether they can produce high-resolution, more current maps of science. Methodology Over the course of 2007 and 2008, we collected nearly 1 billion user interactions recorded by the scholarly web portals of some of the most significant publishers, aggregators and institutional consortia. The resulting reference data set covers a significant part of world-wide use of scholarly web portals in 2006, and provides a balanced coverage of the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. A journal clickstream model, i.e. a first-order Markov chain, was extracted from the sequences of user interactions in the logs. The clickstream model was validated by comparing it to the Getty Research Institute's Architecture and Art Thesaurus. The resulting model was visualized as a journal network that outlines the relationships between various scientific domains and clarifies the connection of the social sciences and humanities to the natural sciences. Conclusions Maps of science resulting from large-scale clickstream data provide a detailed, contemporary view of scientific activity and correct the underrepresentation of the social sciences and humanities that is commonly found in citation data.},
author = {Bollen, Johan and van de Sompel, Herbert and Hagberg, Aric and Bettencourt, Luis and Chute, Ryan and Rodriguez, Marko A. and Balakireva, Lyudmila},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0004803},
interhash = {3a371a1ed31d14204770315b52023b96},
intrahash = {e61bd0c26cc1c08cff22a8301d03044f},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
month = mar,
number = 3,
pages = {e4803},
publisher = {Public Library of Science},
title = {Clickstream Data Yields High-Resolution Maps of Science},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004803},
volume = 4,
year = 2009
}
@incollection{beazley1906history,
address = {London},
author = {Beazley, C. Raymond},
booktitle = { The Dawn of Modern Geography},
interhash = {460cc056d9388e21b14fbde90e35a0b5},
intrahash = {d8c495380c7490971e1e5cb2e380ceef},
pages = {v-xi},
series = {The Dawn of Modern Geography},
title = { A History of Exploration and geographical Science from the Middle of the thirteenth to the early Years of the fifteenth Century (c. A.D. 1260-1420),},
volume = 3,
year = 1906
}
@incollection{beazley1901history,
address = {London},
author = {Beazley, C. Raymond},
booktitle = { The Dawn of Modern Geography},
interhash = {9ab0d0485cac1fdde19c8d3e46f63715},
intrahash = {97db21afcf1f26dc96252b0bcfbeec39},
pages = {xi-xix},
series = {The Dawn of Modern Geography},
title = { A History of Exploration and geographical Science from the Close of the ninth to the Middle of the thirteenth Century (c. A.D. 900-1260),},
volume = 2,
year = 1901
}
@incollection{beazley1897modern,
address = {London },
author = {Beazley, C. Raymond},
booktitle = { The Dawn of Modern Geography},
interhash = {e8082d57f1bc636e87b07841bccff443},
intrahash = {650a2308d0ddb17e012759f65ecb74b0},
pages = {xi-xvi},
series = {The Dawn of Modern Geography},
title = {A History of Exploration and geographical Science from the Conversion of the Roman Empire to A.D. 900, with an Account of the Achievements and Writings of the early Christian, Arab, and Chinese Travellers and Students, },
volume = 1,
year = 1897
}
@article{newman2001structure,
abstract = {The structure of scientific collaboration networks is investigated. Two scientists are considered connected if they have authored a paper together and explicit networks of such connections are constructed by using data drawn from a number of databases, including MEDLINE biomedical research, the Los Alamos e-Print Archive physics, and NCSTRL computer science. I show that these collaboration networks form ” small worlds,” in which randomly chosen pairs of scientists are typically separated by only a short path of intermediate acquaintances. I further give results for mean and distribution of numbers of collaborators of authors, demonstrate the presence of clustering in the networks, and highlight a number of apparent differences in the patterns of collaboration between the fields studied.},
author = {Newman, M. E. J.},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.98.2.404},
eprint = {http://www.pnas.org/content/98/2/404.full.pdf+html},
interhash = {8c5edd915b304ae09fc08e0a51dfd5e9},
intrahash = {a4d3149c7198762a99102935da4d1bdb},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
number = 2,
pages = {404--409},
title = {The structure of scientific collaboration networks},
url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/98/2/404.abstract},
volume = 98,
year = 2001
}
@booklet{nn2011article,
author = {N.N.},
howpublished = {Brochure},
interhash = {f4c36889c40205600542b11c4d3b153e},
intrahash = {3da1baac19bc69f7b31a59098e0c20a8},
title = {How To Get Your Article Published},
year = 2011
}
@book{George.2005,
author = {George, A. L. and Bennett, A.},
interhash = {92c6426cb3e6b5f20ece3e060f3c6237},
intrahash = {749463a2766caa014d921a9347d170a6},
publisher = {MIT Press},
title = {Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences},
year = 2005
}
@book{Ragin.2000,
abstract = {In this innovative approach to the practice of social science, Charles Ragin explores the use of fuzzy sets to bridge the divide between quantitative and qualitative methods. Paradoxically, the fuzzy set is a powerful tool because it replaces an unwieldy, "fuzzy" instrument (the variable, which establishes only the positions of cases relative to each other) with a precise one (degree of membership in a well-defined set). Ragin argues that fuzzy sets allow a far richer dialogue between ideas and evidence in social research than previously possible. They let quantitative researchers abandon "homogenizing assumptions" about cases and causes, they extend diversity-oriented research strategies, and they provide a powerful connection between theory and data analysis. Most important, fuzzy sets can be carefully tailored to fit evolving theoretical concepts, sharpening quantitative tools with in-depth knowledge gained through qualitative, case-oriented inquiry. This book should revolutionize research methods not only in sociology, political science and anthropology but in any field of inquiry dealing with complex patterns of causation.},
author = {Ragin, C. C.},
edition = 2,
interhash = {65938d9390638ce71ed329477ada948f},
intrahash = {5022c4ad29569de807cb8dbe2fac8c81},
publisher = {Univ of Chicago Pr},
title = {Fuzzy-Set Social Science},
year = 2000
}
@book{Popper.2002,
abstract = {Described by the philosopher A.J. Ayer as a work of 'great originality and power', this book revolutionized contemporary thinking on science and knowledge. Ideas such as the now legendary doctrine of 'falsificationism' electrified the scientific community, influencing even working scientists, as well as post-war philosophy. This astonishing work ranks alongside The Open Society and Its Enemies as one of Popper's most enduring books and contains insights and arguments that demand to be read to this day.},
author = {Popper, K. R.},
interhash = {8da36a210cf0b8429e2b29d9340b0126},
intrahash = {a757ee2e670b79eef32f39c6b9825b8b},
publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
title = {The Logic of Scientific Discovery},
year = 2002
}
@book{Kuhn.1996,
abstract = {There's a comic strip showing a chick breaking out of its shell, looking around, and saying, "Oh, wow! Paradigm shift!" Blame the late Thomas Kuhn. Few indeed are the philosophers or historians influential enough to make it into the funny papers, but Kuhn is one. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is indeed a paradigmatic work in the history of science. Kuhn's use of terms such as "paradigm shift" and "normal science", his ideas of how scientists move from disdain through doubt to acceptance of a new theory, his stress on social and psychological factors in science--all have had profound effects on historians, scientists, philosophers, critics, writers, business gurus, and even the cartoonist in the street. Some scientists (such as Steven Weinberg and Ernst Mayr) are profoundly irritated by Kuhn, especially by the doubts he casts--or the way his work has been used to cast doubt--on the idea of scientific progress. Yet it has been said that the acceptance of plate tectonics in the 1960s, for instance, was sped by geologists' reluctance to be on the downside of a paradigm shift. Even Weinberg has said that "structure has had a wider influence than any other book on the history of science". As one of Kuhn's obituaries noted, "We all live in a post-Kuhnian age." --Mary Ellen Curtin},
author = {Kuhn, T. S.},
edition = 3,
interhash = {e624cbdf57faa15c3c2c29e714b54c78},
intrahash = {fce23c06d64c6471ee567d3c2c926551},
publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
title = {The Structure of Scientific Revolutions},
year = 1996
}
@article{david2010choosing,
address = {Taylor & Francis},
author = {Millard, David and Wang, Weigang},
interhash = {a1a6a5dfe96478c0dbefc023c506b2f9},
intrahash = {2701194e85b7702909291740063dbf37},
issn = {1361-4568},
journal = {New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia},
pages = {3 - 8},
series = 1,
title = {Choosing our Science},
url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/13614568.2010.501569},
volume = 16,
year = 2010
}
@article{lindsey2011parsing,
address = {Routledge},
author = {Harrison, Jill Lindsey},
interhash = {6b1e18823139ad15756bc200b40048ff},
intrahash = {a40eaca13e7d7ea916275dda75413966},
issn = {0894-1920},
journal = {Society & Natural Resources: An International Journal},
pages = {702 - 716},
series = 7,
title = {Parsing “Participation” in Action Research: Navigating the Challenges of Lay Involvement in Technically Complex Participatory Science Projects},
url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/08941920903403115},
volume = 24,
year = 2011
}
@article{genova2010is,
abstract = {Reflections on the (experimental) scientific method in computer science.},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
author = {G\'{e}nova, Gonzalo},
doi = {10.1145/1785414.1785431},
interhash = {be47f9b16773e048c3bc8c8c4060b134},
intrahash = {5afbbcfed1b9a1a4a98233fa42c0def4},
issn = {0001-0782},
journal = {Commun. ACM},
number = 7,
pages = {37--39},
publisher = {ACM},
title = {Is computer science truly scientific?},
url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1785431},
volume = 53,
year = 2010
}
@book{jurafsky2000speech,
asin = {0130950696},
author = {Jurafsky, Daniel and Martin, James H.},
dewey = {410.285},
ean = {9780130950697},
edition = 1,
interhash = {ae1205b1f526d068fc9364510bf99418},
intrahash = {25110e6691b5ee9dbe97216ce087487f},
isbn = {0130950696},
note = {neue Auflage kommt im Frühjahr 2008},
publisher = {Prentice Hall},
title = {Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics and Speech Recognition (Prentice Hall Series in Artificial Intelligence)},
url = {http://www.amazon.com/gp/redirect.html%3FASIN=0130950696%26tag=ws%26lcode=xm2%26cID=2025%26ccmID=165953%26location=/o/ASIN/0130950696%253FSubscriptionId=13CT5CVB80YFWJEPWS02},
year = 2000
}
@inproceedings{stumme02formalconcept,
address = {Heidelberg},
author = {Stumme, G.},
booktitle = {Conceptual Structures: Integration and Interfaces },
comment = {alpha},
editor = {Priss, U. and Corbett, D. and Angelova, G.},
interhash = {7899fed6619172d566d69142f5bad03b},
intrahash = {a5e66aef2e0adc6cc7eff677b36d0823},
note = {Invited Talk, summary of \cite{stumme03offtonew}},
pages = {2-19},
publisher = {Springer},
series = {LNAI},
title = {Formal Concept Analysis on its Way from Mathematics to Computer Science},
url = {http://www.kde.cs.uni-kassel.de/stumme/papers/2002/ICCS02.pdf},
volume = 2393,
year = 2002
}
@inproceedings{1271658,
abstract = {Bibliometric analysis is used as a measuring activity technique for basic research. There are many country level analyses of trends in scientific publications. These analyses give us an understanding of the macro-scale character of scientific activities. However, it is difficult to capture the qualitative evolution of scientific activities through them. In this regard, a meso-scale analysis of science activities, i.e., analysis of "research areas", is suitable for grasping qualitative changes in scientific activities. In this study, we develop a new method for mapping science at the research area level. Our method consists of two parts: constructing research areas from scientific publications and content analysis by experts. Research areas are explored through a co-citation analysis, and a map of science was generated to analyze how research areas relate to each other. This method contributes to endeavours to understand and track the changing nature of science.},
address = {Washington, DC, USA},
author = {SAKA, Ayaka and IGAMI, Masatsura},
booktitle = {IV '07: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference Information Visualization},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IV.2007.77},
interhash = {1586085e24335ab7d0f8f5530d32552d},
intrahash = {a9168950512836c2155af1ed6dc99453},
isbn = {0-7695-2900-3},
pages = {453--458},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
title = {Mapping Modern Science Using Co-citation Analysis},
url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1270398.1271658},
year = 2007
}
@book{0130950696,
asin = {0130950696},
author = {Jurafsky, Daniel and Martin, James H.},
dewey = {410.285},
ean = {9780130950697},
edition = 1,
interhash = {ae1205b1f526d068fc9364510bf99418},
intrahash = {25110e6691b5ee9dbe97216ce087487f},
isbn = {0130950696},
publisher = {Prentice Hall},
title = {Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics and Speech Recognition (Prentice Hall Series in Artificial Intelligence)},
url = {http://www.amazon.com/Speech-Language-Processing-Introduction-Computational/dp/0130950696%3FSubscriptionId%3D13CT5CVB80YFWJEPWS02%26tag%3Dws%26linkCode%3Dxm2%26camp%3D2025%26creative%3D165953%26creativeASIN%3D0130950696},
year = 2000
}
@book{knuth1989concrete,
address = {Reading},
author = {Graham, Ronald L. and Knuth, Donald E. and Patashnik, Oren},
interhash = {a1450d7bb87f0107150d43a314a88326},
intrahash = {ccef670ef39186763ecd379d2cca1e0a},
publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
title = {Concrete Mathematics: A Foundation for Computer Science},
year = 1989
}
@book{lem2003sterntagebuecher,
author = {Lem, Stanislaw},
interhash = {b2dd2031126ec37b8d1bc6323092eba8},
intrahash = {7e515f1c110866e81365d2bc62f3e227},
publisher = {Suhrkamp},
title = {Sterntagebücher},
url = {http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/ASIN/3518455346/},
year = 2003
}
@misc{ieKey,
booktitle = {Annual Review of Information Science and Technology},
date = {2006},
editor = {Cronin and Blaise},
interhash = {f5664cb61c0f5c4da8479b00cffac192},
intrahash = {f4721a13be927b57b82b6d941519fea3},
pages = {521-543},
title = {Formal Concept Analysis in Information Science},
volume = 40,
year = 2006
}
@article{framework2006lee,
abstract = {This text sets out a series of approaches to the analysis and synthesis of the World Wide Web, and other web-like information structures. A comprehensive set of research questions is outlined, together with a sub-disciplinary breakdown, emphasising the multi-faceted nature of the Web, and the multi-disciplinary nature of its study and development. These questions and approaches together set out an agenda for Web Science, the science of decentralised information systems. Web Science is required both as a way to understand the Web, and as a way to focus its development on key communicational and representational requirements. The text surveys central engineering issues, such as the development of the Semantic Web, Web services and P2P. Analytic approaches to discover the Web’s topology, or its graph-like structures, are examined. Finally, the Web as a technology is essentially socially embedded; therefore various issues and requirements for Web use and governance are also reviewed.},
author = {Berners-Lee, Tim and Hall, Wendy and Hendler, James A. and O'Hara, Kieron and Shadbolt, Nigel and Weitzner, Daniel J.},
editor = {Hall, Wendy and Shadbolt, Nigel},
interhash = {baac7e2804fe5c7346e51e77cdf7d484},
intrahash = {a8c58bcd316506ef9b83317ce08ef8ee},
journal = {Foundations and Trends® in Web Science},
number = 1,
title = {A Framework for Web Science},
url = {http://www.nowpublishers.com/getpdf.aspx?doi=1800000001&product=WEB},
volume = 1,
year = 2006
}