@book{George.2005, author = {George, A. L. and Bennett, A.}, interhash = {92c6426cb3e6b5f20ece3e060f3c6237}, intrahash = {749463a2766caa014d921a9347d170a6}, publisher = {MIT Press}, title = {Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences}, year = 2005 } @book{Ragin.2000, abstract = {In this innovative approach to the practice of social science, Charles Ragin explores the use of fuzzy sets to bridge the divide between quantitative and qualitative methods. Paradoxically, the fuzzy set is a powerful tool because it replaces an unwieldy, "fuzzy" instrument (the variable, which establishes only the positions of cases relative to each other) with a precise one (degree of membership in a well-defined set). Ragin argues that fuzzy sets allow a far richer dialogue between ideas and evidence in social research than previously possible. They let quantitative researchers abandon "homogenizing assumptions" about cases and causes, they extend diversity-oriented research strategies, and they provide a powerful connection between theory and data analysis. Most important, fuzzy sets can be carefully tailored to fit evolving theoretical concepts, sharpening quantitative tools with in-depth knowledge gained through qualitative, case-oriented inquiry. This book should revolutionize research methods not only in sociology, political science and anthropology but in any field of inquiry dealing with complex patterns of causation.}, author = {Ragin, C. C.}, edition = 2, interhash = {65938d9390638ce71ed329477ada948f}, intrahash = {5022c4ad29569de807cb8dbe2fac8c81}, publisher = {Univ of Chicago Pr}, title = {Fuzzy-Set Social Science}, year = 2000 } @book{Popper.2002, abstract = {Described by the philosopher A.J. Ayer as a work of 'great originality and power', this book revolutionized contemporary thinking on science and knowledge. Ideas such as the now legendary doctrine of 'falsificationism' electrified the scientific community, influencing even working scientists, as well as post-war philosophy. This astonishing work ranks alongside The Open Society and Its Enemies as one of Popper's most enduring books and contains insights and arguments that demand to be read to this day.}, author = {Popper, K. R.}, interhash = {8da36a210cf0b8429e2b29d9340b0126}, intrahash = {a757ee2e670b79eef32f39c6b9825b8b}, publisher = {Taylor & Francis}, title = {The Logic of Scientific Discovery}, year = 2002 } @book{Kuhn.1996, abstract = {There's a comic strip showing a chick breaking out of its shell, looking around, and saying, "Oh, wow! Paradigm shift!" Blame the late Thomas Kuhn. Few indeed are the philosophers or historians influential enough to make it into the funny papers, but Kuhn is one. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is indeed a paradigmatic work in the history of science. Kuhn's use of terms such as "paradigm shift" and "normal science", his ideas of how scientists move from disdain through doubt to acceptance of a new theory, his stress on social and psychological factors in science--all have had profound effects on historians, scientists, philosophers, critics, writers, business gurus, and even the cartoonist in the street. Some scientists (such as Steven Weinberg and Ernst Mayr) are profoundly irritated by Kuhn, especially by the doubts he casts--or the way his work has been used to cast doubt--on the idea of scientific progress. Yet it has been said that the acceptance of plate tectonics in the 1960s, for instance, was sped by geologists' reluctance to be on the downside of a paradigm shift. Even Weinberg has said that "structure has had a wider influence than any other book on the history of science". As one of Kuhn's obituaries noted, "We all live in a post-Kuhnian age." --Mary Ellen Curtin}, author = {Kuhn, T. S.}, edition = 3, interhash = {e624cbdf57faa15c3c2c29e714b54c78}, intrahash = {fce23c06d64c6471ee567d3c2c926551}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, title = {The Structure of Scientific Revolutions}, year = 1996 }