@article{kaupisch2008biochemische,
  abstract = {Protein kinase X (PrKX) is a member of the AGC family of serine/threonine protein kinases. It is related to, but phylogenetically distinct from, PKA-catalytic isoforms, with a conserved catalytic core but a longer and completely different amino-terminus. Relatives of (human) PrKX can be found throughout the animal kingdom, in both single-cell eukaryotes and in vertebrates. In humans, the PrKX gene is located on the X chromosome (Xp22.3). On the Y chromosome (Yp11.2), a gene encoding for the homologous protein PrKY is found, which is shorter by 81 amino acids (the last exon). The high sequence identity between the two genes can lead to erroneous pairing and subsequent interchange of X and Y chromosomes, resulting in XX male or XY female genotypes. The mRNA of PrKX can be found in most adult and embryonic tissues, however, studies in mice and humans revealed that this kinase is mainly expressed during embryonic stages with the highest expression levels in brain, heart and kidney tissue. In a murine model system for early fetal kidney development, PrKX was shown to stimulate branching morphogenesis and nephron formation. Another study demonstrated that PrKX is expressed in macrophages and granulocytes and that it is required for their maturation. Overall, the cellular function of PrKX is only partially understood and only some of its physiological substrates (PKA type II regulatory subunits, Smad 6, polycystin 1) have been identified so far. At the molecular level, it has been demonstrated that PrKX interacts with and is inhibited by the heat stable protein kinase inhibitor PKI. Under resting conditions, it forms a holoenzyme (heterotetramer) comprised of a PKA type I regulatory subunit dimer and two PrKX proteins. It can be released from the regulatory subunits upon binding of cAMP to the regulatory subunits.},
  author = {Prinz, A. and Herberg, F. W.},
  editor = {Pages, USCD Nature Molecule},
  interhash = {109d990b38e3103f7f385a43b7c1af38},
  intrahash = {0336eee9587a4bfad58871816b61d9c3},
  journal = {USCD Nature Molecule Pages},
  title = {PrKX},
  url = {http://www.signaling-gateway.org/molecule/query?afcsid=A002999&type=abstract},
  year = 2009
}