@inproceedings{benz2011measuring, abstract = {Recent research has demonstrated how the widespread adoption of collaborative tagging systems yields emergent semantics. In recent years, much has been learned about how to harvest the data produced by taggers for engineering light-weight ontologies. For example, existing measures of tag similarity and tag relatedness have proven crucial step stones for making latent semantic relations in tagging systems explicit. However, little progress has been made on other issues, such as understanding the different levels of tag generality (or tag abstractness), which is essential for, among others, identifying hierarchical relationships between concepts. In this paper we aim to address this gap. Starting from a review of linguistic definitions of word abstractness, we first use several large-scale ontologies and taxonomies as grounded measures of word generality, including Yago, Wordnet, DMOZ and Wikitaxonomy. Then, we introduce and apply several folksonomy-based methods to measure the level of generality of given tags. We evaluate these methods by comparing them with the grounded measures. Our results suggest that the generality of tags in social tagging systems can be approximated with simple measures. Our work has implications for a number of problems related to social tagging systems, including search, tag recommendation, and the acquisition of light-weight ontologies from tagging data.}, address = {Heraklion, Crete}, author = {Benz, Dominik and Körner, Christian and Hotho, Andreas and Stumme, Gerd and Strohmaier, Markus}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2011)}, editor = {Antoniou, Grigoris and Grobelnik, Marko and Simperl, Elena and Parsia, Bijan and Plexousakis, Dimitris and Pan, Jeff and Leenheer, Pieter De}, interhash = {33a2078f3836293d71c449d5376fc440}, intrahash = {b245d492f1f9fa41b62b79b6dec77241}, month = may, title = {One Tag to Bind Them All: Measuring Term Abstractness in Social Metadata}, url = {http://www.kde.cs.uni-kassel.de/pub/pdf/benz2011measuring.pdf}, year = 2011 } @inproceedings{benz2011measuring, author = {Benz, Dominik and Körner, Christian and Hotho, Andreas and Stumme, Gerd and Strohmaier, Markus}, booktitle = {Working Notes of the LWA 2011 - Learning, Knowledge, Adaptation}, interhash = {33a2078f3836293d71c449d5376fc440}, intrahash = {923d369285422c758398cbe92e3532cd}, title = {One Tag to Bind Them All: Measuring Term Abstractness in Social Metadata}, year = 2011 } @inproceedings{benz2011measuring, author = {Benz, Dominik and Körner, Christian and Hotho, Andreas and Stumme, Gerd and Strohmaier, Markus}, booktitle = {Working Notes of the LWA 2011 - Learning, Knowledge, Adaptation}, interhash = {33a2078f3836293d71c449d5376fc440}, intrahash = {923d369285422c758398cbe92e3532cd}, title = {One Tag to Bind Them All: Measuring Term Abstractness in Social Metadata}, year = 2011 } @inproceedings{benz2011measuring, abstract = {Recent research has demonstrated how the widespread adoption of collaborative tagging systems yields emergent semantics. In recent years, much has been learned about how to harvest the data produced by taggers for engineering light-weight ontologies. For example, existing measures of tag similarity and tag relatedness have proven crucial step stones for making latent semantic relations in tagging systems explicit. However, little progress has been made on other issues, such as understanding the different levels of tag generality (or tag abstractness), which is essential for, among others, identifying hierarchical relationships between concepts. In this paper we aim to address this gap. Starting from a review of linguistic definitions of word abstractness, we first use several large-scale ontologies and taxonomies as grounded measures of word generality, including Yago, Wordnet, DMOZ and Wikitaxonomy. Then, we introduce and apply several folksonomy-based methods to measure the level of generality of given tags. We evaluate these methods by comparing them with the grounded measures. Our results suggest that the generality of tags in social tagging systems can be approximated with simple measures. Our work has implications for a number of problems related to social tagging systems, including search, tag recommendation, and the acquisition of light-weight ontologies from tagging data.}, address = {Heraklion, Crete}, author = {Benz, Dominik and Körner, Christian and Hotho, Andreas and Stumme, Gerd and Strohmaier, Markus}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2011)}, editor = {Antoniou, Grigoris and Grobelnik, Marko and Simperl, Elena and Parsia, Bijan and Plexousakis, Dimitris and Pan, Jeff and Leenheer, Pieter De}, interhash = {33a2078f3836293d71c449d5376fc440}, intrahash = {67b4cd173ae1f6d98d80561b5f0289a4}, month = may, title = {One Tag to Bind Them All : Measuring Term Abstractness in Social Metadata}, url = {http://www.kde.cs.uni-kassel.de/pub/pdf/benz2011measuring.pdf}, year = 2011 } @inproceedings{koerner2010thinking, abstract = {Recent research provides evidence for the presence of emergent semantics in collaborative tagging systems. While several methods have been proposed, little is known about the factors that influence the evolution of semantic structures in these systems. A natural hypothesis is that the quality of the emergent semantics depends on the pragmatics of tagging: Users with certain usage patterns might contribute more to the resulting semantics than others. In this work, we propose several measures which enable a pragmatic differentiation of taggers by their degree of contribution to emerging semantic structures. We distinguish between categorizers, who typically use a small set of tags as a replacement for hierarchical classification schemes, and describers, who are annotating resources with a wealth of freely associated, descriptive keywords. To study our hypothesis, we apply semantic similarity measures to 64 different partitions of a real-world and large-scale folksonomy containing different ratios of categorizers and describers. Our results not only show that ‘verbose’ taggers are most useful for the emergence of tag semantics, but also that a subset containing only 40% of the most ‘verbose’ taggers can produce results that match and even outperform the semantic precision obtained from the whole dataset. Moreover, the results suggest that there exists a causal link between the pragmatics of tagging and resulting emergent semantics. This work is relevant for designers and analysts of tagging systems interested (i) in fostering the semantic development of their platforms, (ii) in identifying users introducing “semantic noise”, and (iii) in learning ontologies.}, address = {Raleigh, NC, USA}, author = {Körner, Christian and Benz, Dominik and Strohmaier, Markus and Hotho, Andreas and Stumme, Gerd}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th International World Wide Web Conference (WWW 2010)}, interhash = {5afe6e4ce8357d8ac9698060fb438468}, intrahash = {45f8d8f2a8251a5e988c596a5ebb3f2d}, month = apr, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Stop Thinking, start Tagging - Tag Semantics emerge from Collaborative Verbosity}, url = {http://www.kde.cs.uni-kassel.de/benz/papers/2010/koerner2010thinking.pdf}, year = 2010 }